John P.

Bums, in Problems of Communism (Sept.-Oct.
19871, U.S. Information Agency, 301 4th St.
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20547.
In the Soviet Union, the Communist Party exercises power through the nomenklatura (nomenclature), the patronage system under which the Po- litburo directly controls key positions in most political, governmental, so- cial, and cultural organizations. However, all Communist states use such a system. In China, says Bums, a political scientist at the University of Hong Kong, t...