persecution.
A compelling speaker and writer, Herzl electrified the Jewish masses and helped transform Zionism from a longing into a political move- ment. Further, his organizing skills resulted in a parliament, a chief executive, and a state bank, all "in exile." But his post-1898 willingness to consider alternative sites for a Jewish colony (such as Uganda) en- raged "cultural Zionists" who insisted that history made Palestine the only acceptable choice. The dispute split...
preaching that the Church derives its power from the laity. The pontiff stepped in and excommunicated McGlynn in July 1887.
1891, George's reform movement had lost steam, and McGlynn was out of the news. Pope Leo restored McGlynn to the priesthood in 1892 -without consulting Corrigan. Dumfounded, the archbishop at first refused to receive McGlynn back into the diocese but subsequently decided to curry favor with the pope. He became a fervent defender of papal infallibility, then being questioned...
the count- less meteors and meteorites that regularly bombard the earth.
The authors estimate that the meteor was roughly 6.2 miles in diam- eter and created roughly 1,000 times more atmospheric dust than the Indonesian volcano Krakatoa, which spewed about 11 cubic miles of material into the air in 1883. Krakatoa caused brilliant sunsets worldwide for two years; the meteor may have turned day into night for several years.
The fossil record supports theories of a killing global dust cover. Microscopic...
age 23. Though anemia rarely causes death, it cuts the blood's oxygen carrying capacity, increasing the chances of fatality from pneumonia, bronchitis, and heart problems. It also heightens the impact of even moderate blood loss during childbirth, which the au- thors rate as the leading cause of anemia-related death among early medieval women.
Iron intake for men and women increased the 10th century throughout Europe. Development of the three-field crop rotation sys- tem, an advance over the earlier...
shock waves from supernovae, exploded stars that emit vast amounts of energy.
Last year, using telescopes aboard an orbiting satellite, scientists discovered one such field- the largest known object in the galaxy -measuring 1,000 light years across in the constellation Cygnus. This "superbubble," located near the center of the Milky Way (Earth is on the outer edge), and others like it, may be prime engines of star forma- tion, report Cash and Charles, astronomers at the University of...
16 percent the amount of oil burned to make electricity, even as nuclear output fell 8 percent.
The authors contend that nuclear power is also pricing itself out of the energy market. From 1971 to 1978, capital costs per kilowatt rose more than twice as fast for nuclear as for coal plants. Nuclear- generated electricity is already 50 percent more expensive than coal- generated electricity. Managing waste, decommissioning plants, and cleaning up radioactive spills from uranium mining have added...
Boom,theshririldugfamily,the growth of
the SunbehÃ?â??at are likely to affect America's demand for energy
throughtheendofthecentury,reportsReynolds,formersenioreditor
--
I
Ill
Ã? 11
PERIODICALS
RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT
of American Demographics.
From 1960 to 1970, per capita energy consumption in America jumped 2.9 percent annually. But during the 1970s, total energy de- mand grew only 10 percent-a mere 1 percent per capita annual gain. If this trend continues, th...
the BaBoom, will continue to account for 57 percent of the population.
Moreover, recent changes in conventional family structure will prob- ably boost per capita energy consumption. More working wives create higher household incomes; and in 1975, households with $30,000 to $35,000 incomes spent 52 percent more on energy for heating and transportation than those living on $10,000 to $15,000. The growing ranks of singles tend to inhabit condominiums and apartments-which use 38 percent less energy...
shower- ing the N.R.C. with objections to design details, or to a utility's en-vironmental impact estimates-and then persuading judges that the commission gave them short shrift. Between 1966 and 1970, the typical reactor-construction schedule increased in the United States from just under five years to just over seven years.
contrast, the political parties of France, West Germany, Sweden, and Britain stake out firm positions on atomic issues. Once in power, they claim a popular mandate on nuclear...
1945, 15 tons of guayule rubber could be processed daily. But after the war, breakthroughs in synthetic rubber production ended the need. The plants were burned off to make way for orange groves.
Guayule latex comes from the shrub's branches and roots. The plants contain up to 20 percent rubber. Guayule needs no irrigation or pes- ticides. Unlike hevea, the shrub can be mechanically cultivated and harvested.
The National Science Foundation and the U.S. Agriculture and Commerce Departments have...