.
"I never had but two powerful ambi- having earned his livelihood (as he tions in my life," Samuel Clemens would later recall in Roughing It) as wrote, in the autumn of 1865. "One grocery clerk, blacksmith's appren- was to be a pilot, & the other a tice, drugstore clerk, bookseller's preacher of the gospel. I accom-clerk ("the customers bothered me so plished the one & failed in the other, much I could not read with any com- because I could not supply myself fort," h...
Helping the Aged Peter H. Schuck, in The Public Interest
(Summer 1980), Box 542, Old Chelsea,
New York, N.Y. 10011.
Inspired a decade of civil rights legislation and mindful of the votes of the elderly, Congress hastily passed the Age Discrimination Act (ADA) of 1975. But the act's ambiguities are bound to sow administra- tive confusion and create social conflict, writes Schuck, a Yale Law School professor.
The ADA explicitly bars discrimination against any age group (not just the elderly) in...
Congress. The legislators could have appropriated funds to upgrade inadequate pro- grams for the elderly. Instead, they supported a broadly written law that they knew would redistribute government money covertly and therefore not antagonize other disadvantaged groups.
Herbert Hoover "The 'Great Engineer' as Administrator: Herbert Hoover and Modern Bureauc-
as Promoter racy" Peri E. Arnold, in The Review of Politics (July 1980), Box B, Notre Dame, Ind. 46556.
Most history books describe...
appointing industry representatives to run these divisions. expanding his personal staff, Hoover gained control over the de- partment's previously autonomous agencies.
Finally, Hoover put Commerce in the public spotlight by building a crackerjack public relations staff. He hired professional newsmen and courted the business press with frequent Washington conferences. And he regularly fed scoops to eminent journalists such as William Allen White and Mark Sullivan.
By the time Hoover became President,...
draw- ing up stiffer competency tests for students and teachers, and setting detailed curriculum requirements. Today, a proposed California law would force teachers to spend 200 minutes per week on the arts. Other states are variously mandating stronger programs in alcohol-abuse education, vocational training, and ethnic history.
Atkin argues that added state requirements could narrow the range of serious subjects that local schools can offer. The problem will be exacerbated if public schools-now...
Ste-
ven B. Sample and Eugene P. Trani, in The
Washington Quarterly (Summer 1980),
Foreign Policy Devt. WQ, Transaction Periodicals Con- sortium, P.O. Box 1262, New Brunswick,
N.J. 08903.
The quadrupling of U.S. exports during the 1970s (to $181.6 billion in 1979) and the current dependence of more than 4 million American jobs on foreign trade has given individual states a big stake in foreign affairs. Even lightly populated, once isolationist Nebraska has developed exten- sive foreign economic...
Ste-
ven B. Sample and Eugene P. Trani, in The
Washington Quarterly (Summer 1980),
Foreign Policy Devt. WQ, Transaction Periodicals Con- sortium, P.O. Box 1262, New Brunswick,
N.J. 08903.
The quadrupling of U.S. exports during the 1970s (to $181.6 billion in 1979) and the current dependence of more than 4 million American jobs on foreign trade has given individual states a big stake in foreign affairs. Even lightly populated, once isolationist Nebraska has developed exten- sive foreign economic...
a Demo- cratic Congress unwilling to approve U.S. intervention in Third World conflicts and divided public opinion, neither he nor Presidents Nixon and Ford found ways to parry Moscow's Third World thrusts. They bequeathed to President Carter "a Soviet policy in pieces."
Even before Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan last December, Soviet-Cuban intervention in the Horn of Africa and Vietnam's Soviet- backed occupation of Cambodia had angered Washington. The Soviets complained about U.S....
Lawrence J. Korb, in Society (July-August Joint Chiefs? 1980),BOX A, ~utgers- he State Univer-
sity, New Brunswick, N.J. 08903.
The U.S. military's Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) have greater "potential power" than ever before, writes Korb, a professor of management at the Naval War,College. But, he argues, the JCS faces increasing threats of White House political manipulation.
The five-man JCS was established Congress in 1947 to serve as the top source of military advice to the President,...
William K. Hall, in Harvard in Business Business Review (Sept.-Oct. 1980), Sub-scription Service Dept., P.O. Box 9730, ~reenwich,Conn. 06835.
The U.S. tire industry is losing out to foreign competition, but Goodyear has rolled up respectable annual revenue gains of 10 percent since 1975. Though the American cigarette market has stagnated since 1950, Philip-Morris's 20 percent annual revenue growth since 1975 has eclipsed IBM's nearly 8 percentage points.
These success stories show that the right...