tlie great terror of his formative years, a feeling that seems to show up in his later works ("the stricken great black-backed g~111,the fierce hawks and their victims, the two golden-eye in the act of I>eing shot . . . ").
In 1803, Auduhon left France for America, to enter business and mar^^^. But he failed repeatedly as an entrepreneur. the time lie was 35 years old, he decided to abandon business altogether and just paint birds. Within six years he had completed enough good drawings...
the expansion of the record and radio broadcasting industries, professional songwriters copyrighted more than 100,000 popular tunes during this 20- year "golden age" ofAmerican songwriting. Of course, most of those ditties were flops. (Even the "giants" of the era could only count about five percent of their total output as commercially successful.) Yet the ones that hit, hit big. Royalties from recordings and sheet music of Berlin's "Alexan- der's Rag Time Band" (1911)...
easing up on several fronts: halting religious persecution (and freeing the 400 or so current "religious prisoners"); opening the doors to emigration; creating less arbitrary legal and penal systems; and appeasing some dissident ethnic groups, particu- larly the Muslim Tatars and Meskhetians who were ousted from Crimea and Georgia Stalin in 1944.
Help for the "dissident" group most in need of reform-the proletariat-is not so close at hand, the author maintains. Various workers'...
B. C. Koh, in Asian Surrey (Sept. South KOW? 1985),University of California Press, Berkeley, Calif. 94720.
On February 12, 1985, more than 20 million South Koreans (about 85 percent of all eligible voters) went to the polls-the highest turnout in 27 years. There they elected to the country's National Assembly 148 candidates from Presiclent Chun Doo 1-l~an's ruling Democratic Justice Party (DJP), 67 from the New Korea Democratic Party (NKDP), and 61 from other parties.
Although the DJP did prevail,...
public agencies andprivate institutions
"Economic Sanctions Reconsidered."
Institute for International Economics, 11 Dupont Circle N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 753 pp. $45.00. Authors: Gary Clyde Hufbauer and JeffreyJ. Schott
On September 9, 1985, President Reagan announced the imposition of certain eco- nomic sanctions against the government of South Africa. To prod Pretoria into dis- mantling its apartheid policies, ton decided, among other things, to ban the export of American comp...
Democratic Samuel P. Huntington, in The Public In-
terest (Spring 1985), 10 East 53rd St., rospects New York, N.Y. 10022.
What is the future of the national Democratic Party after its rout Reagan in 1984?
"First and foremost, [the Democrats' prospects depend] on whether the New Politics coalition continues to dominate the party," says Hun- tington, a Harvard professor of government. "If it does, the party will remain a minority and its vision . . .that of a minority party."
New...
Seymour Martin Lipset,
in Public Opinion (Apr.-May 1985), Amer-
eople? ican Enterprise Institute, 1150 17th St.
N.W.,Washington, D.C. 20036-9964.
In 1983, Seymour Martin Lipset and William Schneider, Fellows, re- spectively, at the Hoover and American Enterprise institutes, pub- lished The Confidence Gap, a book documenting Americans' loss of faith in their leaders. Even President Jimmy Carter had warned in 1979 of "a growing disrespect for government . . . churches . . .schools, the...
the National Opinion Research Center and Harris showed a drop in optimistic responses, from 48 percent in 1966 to 31 percent in November 1984-below the previous nadir of 33 per- cent (the average of three polls) recorded in 1973-74, during the Water- gate hearings.
Lipset believes that Americans' lack of faith in their institutions and leaders is not superficial. It cannot be explained simply in terms of past presidential difficulties, past economic woes, or the media's past obses- sion with "bad"...
trying to achieve so many objectives at once, Western strate- gists have twisted clear, logical policies into incoherent doctrines, "muddling" issues for everyone.
So much the better, says Betts, a senior Brookings Fellow. He be- lieves that policy inconsistency can be a virtue, that a little cloudiness in its defense doctrines gives the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) more room to maneuver in the event of a crisis.
The chief contradiction, Betts contends, is that "what...
Nick
Good Intentions, Eberstadt, in commentary (June 1985),
asted Dollars 165 East 56th St., New York, N.Y. 10022.
For more than a decade now, America's foreign aid policies have cost the taxpayers much, but accomplished little.
So argues Eberstadt, a Harvard population researcher. A "perversion of foreign aid" has occurred not because Americans are stingy with their wealth or lack compassion for the world's poor. Rather, a pro- gram once aimed at Third World economic development...