In Essence

public agencies and jriuate institutions
"Single Mothers and Their Children:

A New American Dilemma.'
The Urban Institute Press, 2100 M St. N.N, Washington, D.C. 20037. 198 pp. $24.95.
Authors: Irwin Garfinkel and Sara S. Mchahan
In the United States, the number of single- parent households is increasing at an alarming rate.
Between 1960 and 1983, the proportion of all American children growing up in fe- male-headed households increased from
8.2 to 20.5 percent. Today, 51 percent of b...

Steven S. Smith, in The Brookings Review (Winter 19871, 1775 Massachusetts Ave. NX, Washington,
D.C. 20036.
"He was nondoctrinaire, grandfatherly, tough-minded, shrewd, an activist, a partisan, a gut liberal, adaptable." That is how Smith, a Brookings Insti- tution Senior Fellow, describes the recently retired Speaker of the House, Thomas l? "Tip" O'Neill.
A man with such qualities, it seems, would have made a powerful Speaker of the House. But the Massachusetts Democrat's...

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