association." The critic Svetlana Alpers has argued that 17th-century Dutch artists used "proto-photographic" techniques; Heinrich Schwarz and Aaron Scharf have argued that the camera has "influenced the visual imagination of painters since the phy's flattening of space and its ability to capture ephemeral movements, for exam- ple, are said to have had a profound im- pact on the impressionists. Finally, photog- raphers overcame the handicap of the "infinite reproducibility"...