definition from the Western nation. But in eastern-central and Balkan Europe, Pfaff observes, nationality is based on ethnic or religious background; it cannot be acquired immigrants or other "outsiders." People who belong to "other" eth- nic groups cannot be deemed fully equal. Since "the frontiers between national groups are of- ten indistinct or arbitrary, with groups of differ- ent ethnic nationality intermingled," the result has been discrimination against minorities...